An analysis of Charles Hudon
Since their abdication of power last May, the Nepalese Maoists are redoubling their efforts in order to bring down the government. Their strategy: to create social chaos by unrest and violence. Generally putting regional stability at the top of its priorities, China would be right to see a dim view of these events. The recent comments by Prachanda, leader of Maoist party, however, suggested otherwise. Back from a journey in healing the country of Mao, he told the media that the turmoil caused by his party actually benefit the Chinese blessing. China had officially withdrawn from revolutionary politics since 1979, these revelations lead us to question the nature of ties between these two players today.
Maoism
In 1949, when Mao Zedong took power, his thinking is strongly influenced by Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin. The Great Helmsman, however, apply their doctrine rather peculiar way, adapting to the specific conditions of China. When the Sino-Soviet split occurs, the specificities of the Chinese model attracted new attention. Suddenly, China is found to play a leading role in combating international anti-revisionist. Mao's thought is gaining in popularity, until finally being considered a distinct ideology.
Maoism attracted. In the 70s, hundreds of Maoist organizations campaigning in Europe. Over the years, countries such as Peru, Japan, Philippines and even the United States and Canada, must learn to live with the presence of their national parties Maoists. Meanwhile, China, the influence of Maoist thinking is in freefall. The legacy of Mao is manhandled by the arrival of Deng Xiaoping that puts economic growth before ideological purity. Although Maoism does not disappear completely from China, it remains largely confined to history books and political education. Consequently, today, though the leaders claim Beijing always thought of the Father of the Nation, it remains largely outside the area of practice.
Nepalese Maoists
Ironically, while at the height of the Cold War years, no Maoist party only managed to seize power in Asia, that of Nepal is needed now as the political force the largest in the country.
The party was founded in 1994. Since its inception, its leaders display their preference for armed struggle. It only takes two years to see the National Liberation Army reach the mountains in order to put into practice its strategy of revolutionary guerrilla. In 2006, more than 13,000 deaths later, the Maoists and the government sign a peace agreement that allows the former guerrillas to join the political system. Two years later, Prachanda was elected Prime Minister of Nepal.
Given this success story, many seek to know what lies behind the revolutionary organization. Waging war is expensive. The bases of party support mainly from poor rural areas, how it could he support the mobilization of its approximately 40,000 militants for so long? By a set of associations rather simplistic epistemological, attention is naturally turning to China. Do we have reason to suspect that?
The great love?
It is not enough, in fact, give a brief overview of the history of the years of Maoist China whitening. It shares a border 'porous' to nearly 1000 km with its neighboring Nepal. She is particularly aware that a situation that degenerates in this country is likely to have disastrous effects on the stability of Tibet. In what she describes as "the task of putting an end to terrorist activities in Nepal," she chooses to offer its support to the monarchy in power. The stability of Nepal is seen as the top priority the lives of the underprivileged who live there are far outnumbered. On several occasions, China severely condemns the actions Maoist organization that refuses to acknowledge officially. She takes care never to utter the name of this revolutionary movement, opting instead for the term "anti-government armed group". Beijing does not miss an opportunity to recall that in his view, the Nepalese Maoists are a bunch of imposters who sully the name of Mao Zedong. In Beijing, there is concern that negative publicity associated with Maoism might possibly harm the international image of China.
Beijing's attitude fails to reverse the Communist Party of Nepal (CPN). Within the NCP, China is in any way considered an example not to follow in relation to revolutionary purity. For many party members, China has committed the unpardonable crime of having sacrificed the Communist ideal on the altar of economic growth. Even today, many purists perceive Nepalese Cultural Revolution as a "incritiquable. This attitude contrasts sharply with the view that they were Deng Xiaoping, they identify as most responsible for the ideological dilution was conducted for the benefit of accelerated modernization. Several factions within the NCP claim that what China needed most now, this is a second Cultural Revolution.
Since 2008
The takeover Maoist forces both parties to reconsider their positions. Yesterday's enemies begin a reconciliation. Anxious to counter the excessive influence that India has on the countries, China remains the only alternative to the new government. The Maoists do not show spiteful and agreed to cooperate with Beijing on issues surrounding the stability in Tibet. Normalize their relations.
After leaving the country's leadership, the resumption of destabilization by the Maoists should drive a wedge between these new friends. Prachanda's recent statements suggests, however, that his party still enjoys the blessing of China. While the new government of Nepal has guaranteed the continuity of policies put forward by the Maoists against China, why continue to support them? The answer is perhaps spiritual expressions.
Opium of the People
Nepal is a predominantly Hindu nation. Living manifestation of Indian culture, this religion provides India and Nepal a set of common customs and rituals that creates ties between these nations, ties that no draft China's economic development can never be matched. This anchoring "civilizational" gives headaches to China. The project penetration of Nepal, seen as a key element in China's policy of "Looking South" necessarily does not advance as quickly as desired. The Hindu variable, which consistently favors India at the expense of China, plays a lot.
Followers of Marxist principle that see religion as the opium of the people, the Nepalese Maoists are probably the most likely candidate to provide support to China on this issue. During their recent stay in power, the work was started. Last May, the Maoists were to pass a resolution abolishing the only Hindu monarchy in the world and replace it with a secular republic. Recognizing that a simple decree was likely to have little tangible effect on the spiritual situation of the country, Maoists took away then physically at Pashupatinath temple, one the most important symbols of Hindu Nepal. At a
interview he gave to the International Humanist and Ethical Union, "Baburam Bathattarai, the ideologue of the party, stated:" We are Marxists and materialists. We must do much more than simply separating religion and government (...) Today there are more programs of a religious broadcast on Nepal TV than any other genre. Broadcasts glorifying the "Ramayana" and the "Mahabharatha" are among the most popular. That pollute how the soul of youth is highly damaging to our society. Religion has no place in school, any more than it has in public programs. We must discourage this kind of beliefs and values, which will eventually disappear completely religion of Nepal. "
With some exceptions, the Nepalese political parties all have similar platforms with regard to China. The Maoist attitude against religion, coupled with their serious approach demonstrated by taking concrete steps in their path to power is finally a comparative advantage in the eyes of China. This is probably the variable most likely to explain the support that Beijing seems to continue to give the Maoists, despite the resumption of their destabilizing activities. Nepal lacks a Hindu identity would facilitate the spread of Maoist ideology in the country, which would at the same time a favorable environment for Chinese penetration.
This reading of recent developments in relations between China / Maoists once again confirms the fact that Beijing has finally set aside the principle of "revolutionary fraternity "In pursuit of its international relations. In the years following the founding of the rebel group, China had neither funded nor helped the organization. Instead, she chose instead to use its influence to put a spoke in the wheels. Only when the Maoists in power as China began to approach them. The ideological affinity for there being nothing, China would rather motivated by pragmatic calculations looking to improve its long-term position in Asia.
This attitude seems to want to smile. The idea of exporting its ideas at gunpoint cost him dearly in the past. The success was limited to say the least, enemies and created numerous. Pacifist, the new diplomatic style of China added to the outstanding economic performance, completely changes the way many countries perceive China. Being no longer under the weight of the threat, many of them now decide voluntarily to imitate what is now considered the "Chinese model".
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